Cartagena's Walled City, Colombia: A Guide to its Old Town, History & Beaches
- Jul 12, 2023
- 12 min read
Updated: Aug 6, 2025
The Ultimate Guide to Exploring the Walled City of Cartagena, Colombia
Imagine a place where the past embraces the present, where every corner tells a story and culture vibrates to the sound of contagious rhythms.
That place is Cartagena de Indias, a UNESCO World Heritage treasure on Colombia's Caribbean coast. Known as the Walled City of Cartagena, this historic port blends centuries of history with irresistible coastal charm.
For those wondering where Cartagena is located, it sits in the country's northern region, a former stronghold of the Spanish Empire.
This guide is your personal invitation to explore its magic. We will delve into the rich history of Cartagena and its iconic walls and get lost in the vibrant alleys of the Old Town (also known as the Old City).
From the imposing Castillo San Felipe de Barajas to the lively streets of Getsemaní, you will discover why Cartagena enchants every traveler who walks its ramparts.
Top 5 Things to Do in Cartagena Walled City
If you’re exploring Cartagena’s Old Town (Ciudad Amurallada), these are the 5 must-see attractions you shouldn’t miss. Want more details, click on the attraction. Have questions? Jump to our Frequently Asked Questions below!
Old Town (Ciudad Amurallada) – The vibrant heart of Cartagena, filled with colorful colonial streets, lively plazas, and charming cafés.
Castillo San Felipe de Barajas – A 17th-century fortress with tunnels, cannons, and panoramic city views that once defended against pirate attacks.
Walk the City Walls – Stroll along 4 km of stone ramparts for stunning vistas of the Caribbean Sea and Cartagena’s historic rooftops.
Palace of the Inquisition – A museum in a beautiful colonial building, showcasing the city’s Inquisition-era history and artifacts.
Convento de la Popa – Perched on a hilltop, this 17th-century convent offers breathtaking views over Cartagena and the Caribbean coast.
Table of Content
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Where is Cartagena, Colombia? (+ Map)
Cartagena de Indias is a historic port city located on Colombia’s Caribbean coast in the country's northern region.
Its strategic location on a peninsula, connected to the mainland by a narrow strip of land, made it a vital Spanish colonial port. This geography is why the Walled City and its fortifications, which face the Caribbean Sea, remain so iconic today.
The Complete History of the Walls of Cartagena
The history of Cartagena de Indias began in 1533 when it was founded by Spanish sailors. Its importance grew as it became one of the most critical ports in the Americas for the Spanish Empire, exporting vast amounts of gold and silver to Spain. This immense wealth made the city a prime target for pirates.
To protect its treasures, the Spanish constructed the famous Walls of Cartagena—an 11-kilometer (approximately 7 miles, with 4km remaining today) network of stone ramparts and fortresses. This incredible system of military architecture, which includes the Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, is one of the best-preserved in the Caribbean and is central to the Walled City of Cartagena's identity as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Why Is It Called "Cartagena de Indias"?
The city's founders were Spanish sailors originating from Cartagena, Spain. They named their new settlement Cartagena de Indias to distinguish it from their homeland. The phrase “de Indias” was significant, as it reflected the city's crucial location in the West Indies, which served as a vital hub in the Spanish colonial trade network.
Walking through the Streets of History:
Prepare to be enchanted by the Walled City of Cartagena, an open-air museum. Lose yourself in the charm as you walk along its narrow cobblestone streets, surrounded by a 4 km wall.
Feel the history! Discover ancient palaces, jewelry shops, charming restaurants, and much more.
Admire the imposing fortifications that protected the city from pirate attacks.
Don't miss the Palacio de la Inquisición, a testimony to colonial times! Visit the Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas, a fortress with spectacular views.
If you love strolling through cobblestone streets lined with colorful colonial houses, you might also enjoy Colônia del Sacramento, a UNESCO gem on the banks of the Río de la Plata.
Top Attractions in Cartagena: what to do
The Walled City (Ciudad Amurallada): An Open-Air Museum
Get ready to be enchanted by the Walled City, (the old city of Cartagena) an open-air museum of colonial history.
Behind the historic walls, you’ll find cobblestone streets, colorful houses with flower balconies, and lively plazaswhere locals sell fruit or perform music and dance.
Don’t miss Plaza Santo Domingo, Plaza de la Aduana, and the peaceful San Pedro Claver Church.
The best way to enjoy it? Take your time, wander, and let the city surprise you.
Find highly-rated hotels inside the historic Walled City on Booking.com or Hotels.com for the best experience.
Walking the City Walls
Walking atop the ancient city walls of Cartagena is an absolute must-do experience, offering a unique perspective on this historic gem.
The stone walls surrounding Cartagena stretch about 4 km and are one of the best‑preserved in the Americas. Walking here is magical—on one side you see the Caribbean Sea, on the other, the red‑tiled rooftops of the Old Town.
Try to go at sunset, when the city glows gold and the breeze makes the walk even nicer.
For a special moment, stop at Café del Mar or one of the old bastions for a drink and photos
Sunset is a particularly magical time to walk the walls as the sky transforms into a canvas of vibrant hues, casting a golden glow over the city.
Allow ample time to meander, soak in the history, and capture incredible photographs.
Palace of the Inquisition
One of the city’s most fascinating historical landmarks. Built in the 18th century, the building once held trials during the Spanish Inquisition.
This building, located in Plaza de Bolívar, is beautiful outside and fascinating inside.
Its impressive architecture, with a neoclassical façade adorned with beautiful stone details, reflects the cultural richness of the colonial era.
Today, it’s a museum where you can see colonial artifacts and historical exhibits, including some of the tools used in those dark times
Visiting the Palace of the Inquisition is a unique opportunity to delve into the city’s dark and intriguing history while admiring its architectural beauty.
Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas
This impressive fortress, built in the 17th century, was designed to protect Cartagena from pirate attacks.
It features a complex and intriguing system of tunnels within its structure, an integral part of the Castillo's defensive design.
To fully appreciate its history and explore the tunnels, consider a GetYourGuide tour. You’ll hear fascinating stories about battles, traps, and the clever design of the fortress.
With its massive walls and panoramic views of the city, it is one of the main tourist attractions and a testament to Colombia’s rich military history.
Convento de la Popa - Cartagena del Alto
Located on a hill 150 meters above sea level, La Popa Convent offers the best panoramic views of Cartagena, the Caribbean Sea, and the nearby islands
Built in the 1600s, it was once a monastery and even a lighthouse for ships. The convent is a prominent tourist attraction known for its intriguing history. The name Popa comes from the hill’s resemblance to the stern of a ship.
Today, it is open to visitors. Inside, you can walk through the church, cloisters, and small museum, while outside the terrace is perfect for photos and sunsets.
You can take the bus, walk, taxi, or ride a cable car. It’s worth it!
San Pedro Claver Church and Sanctuary
A beautiful and historically significant church dedicated to Saint Peter Claver, known as the "Slave of the Slaves." Its stunning architecture and peaceful sanctuary offer a moment of reflection and insight into Cartagena's past.
Getsemaní, Bohemian Quarter
A bohemian neighborhood packed with street art, galleries, bars, and restaurants.
The neighborhood is famous for its impressive murals, which depict local history and identity and reflect the mix of African, indigenous, and European influences that characterize Cartagena’s culture.
During the day, visitors can explore its charming plazas and cozy cafes, while at night, Getsemaní comes alive with live music and vibrant parties.
Islas del Rosario and Isla de Barú:
The Islas del Rosario and Isla de Barú offer a perfect escape for those seeking white sand beaches, crystal clear waters, and lush nature.
The Islas del Rosario, an archipelago protected as a Natural National Park, is home to one of the most important coral reefs in the Colombian Caribbean. The rich marine biodiversity is ideal for diving and snorkeling.
Day trips are popular – find boat tours and packages on GetYourGuide.
Barú Island, connected to Cartagena by road, is famous for its Playa Blanca, a long stretch of fine sand and calm sea, perfect for relaxing and soaking up the sun.
Both islands can be easily reached by boat from Cartagena. Just a short distance from the walled city, you will enjoy aquatic adventures, nature watching, and relaxing on paradisiacal beaches
La Boquilla:
La Boquilla is a charming fishing village located a few kilometers from the center of Cartagena.
La Boquilla Beach is famous for its fine white sand. It is a fantastic place to try local cuisine featuring fresh seafood dishes prepared by local fishermen.
Explore the mangroves on canoe trips and enjoy the local biodiversity.
Bocagrande:
Cartagena's main urban beach. It has a long stretch of sand and a variety of beachfront restaurants.
Best Beaches in Cartagena
Cartagena is blessed with Caribbean beaches where you can relax, swim, or take day trips to nearby islands. Here are the top beaches to visit in Cartagena:
Playa Blanca (Isla Barú) – Unmissable for lovers of untouched nature. It is 40 minutes by boat from the center. With its extensive stretch of sand and calm sea, it is perfect for a day of rest and contemplation of the natural beauty. Famous for its white sand and turquoise waters, this beach is ideal for sunbathing and swimming. Arrive early or visit on weekdays to avoid crowds.
Punta Arena (Tierra Bomba Island) – Just a 10‑minute boat ride from Cartagena, this beach is quieter and has soft sand and calm water. Stop by a beach club for drinks and food without the constant street vendors.
Bocagrande Beach – For those looking for hustle and bustle. The main city beach, lined with hotels, restaurants, and bars. It’s lively and convenient but can feel busy and touristy.
La Boquilla Beach – A more local beach near a fishing village. It’s great for trying fresh seafood and taking canoe tours through the mangroves.
Manzanillo del Mar – A peaceful and remote beach with darker sand,located 40 minutes from Cartagena and near a natural mud volcano.Perfect if you want to escape the city crowds.
Tip: For snorkeling and diving, consider a day trip to the Islas del Rosario, a protected marine area with coral reefs and crystal-clear waters.
For a completely different landscape, consider a trip to the Atacama Desert, home to some of South America’s driest place and most otherworldly scenery.
Cartagena’s Vibrant Culture & Cuisine
Music, Dance and Festivals
Cartagena de Indias’ culture is a fascinating blend of African, indigenous, and European influences, which is reflected in its unique music, dance, and traditions.
From the infectious rhythms of cumbia and vallenato to colorful folk performances, the city pulsates with an unparalleled cultural energy.
Cumbia, one of Colombia’s most famous musical genres, was born from the fusion of indigenous, African, and Spanish elements.
Its mesmerizing rhythms and catchy melodies can be heard in bars, parties, and live performances throughout the city.
Vallenato, which originated in the Colombian Caribbean region, is characterized by its combination of accordion, caja (a type of drum), and guacharaca (a percussion instrument).
Watching a Vallenato performance is a must-see experience to understand the musical soul of Cartagena.
Dance also plays a central role in Cartagena’s culture. Colorful folklore performances, such as those at Palenque de San Basilio, showcase the city’s rich African heritage.
Dancers move with grace and energy, clad in colorful costumes, while the audience joins in to celebrate tradition.
If you enjoy discovering the unique rhythms of Latin America, you might also love exploring Buenos Aires, the vibrant cultural capital of Argentina, land of tango.
Taste Cartagena: Must-Try Local Dishes in the Walled City
Indulge in the local cuisine, full of irresistible flavors and aromas. Try the famous bandeja paisa, a typical dish that combines several ingredients from Colombian cuisine. A mix of meats, beans, rice, eggs and avocado
Savor the sancocho, a delicious and nutritious soup. To finish, try the coconut rice, a perfect accompaniment to any meal.
For food lovers, the ceviche Cartagenero and the arepa de huevo are experiences not to be missed.
Adventures and Relaxation:
Cartagena offers activities from exciting adventures to moments of pure relaxation. Explore the Caribbean islands on a boat trip and dive into the crystal clear waters!
Or relax on the beach to the sound of the waves, golden sand, and the typical Caribbean blue sea.
Travel Tips for Visiting the Walled City:
The best time to visit is December to April to enjoy ideal weather.
How to get there: Cartagena has an international airport, making access easy.
Explore the city by taxi, bus, or Uber, or rent a bike for a unique experience.
Accommodation: From luxurious hotels to cozy hostels. Bocagrande and Laguito are the best choices. Consider Getsemaní for a more cultural experience.
The local currency is the Colombian peso (COP).
Cartagena is a relatively safe city. Take some basic precautions, such as avoiding walking alone at night and not carrying large amounts of cash.
Language: a little Spanish goes a long way! Knowing some basic phrases can improve your experience.
Looking for the best deals on hotels? Read my 7-step hotel booking guide to save money and find the perfect stay.
Cartagena: An Unforgettable Experience:
Cartagena de Indias promises to win your heart and leave memories that will last forever. Come and discover the secrets of this magical city! Experience the essence of Colombia in a way that only Cartagena can offer.
Walled City of Cartagena FAQ
What makes Cartagena Walled City historic site so compelling?
The Walled City of Cartagena is historic because it was a vital Spanish port founded in 1533 and a military stronghold. Its importance is preserved in its colonial architecture, massive fortifications, and its status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
What is the difference between Old Town Cartagena and the Walled City?
Old Town Cartagena (or Old City) refers to the historic colonial neighborhood. The Walled City is the name for this area because it is enclosed by the historic stone walls. Essentially, they refer to the same place, which is the historic heart of Cartagena.
Why is the city called Cartagena de Indias?
The name originates from its founders, who came from Cartagena, Spain. They added "de Indias" to distinguish the new settlement from their Spanish hometown and to signify its important location in the "West Indies," a critical center for colonial trade.
What is the history of the walled city of Cartagena?
Established by the Spanish in 1533, Cartagena de Indias became a crucial port. To defend its wealth from constant pirate attacks, the city constructed massive walls and fortresses over centuries, which are now recognized by UNESCO.
Why is the walled city of Cartagena important?
Its importance lies in its remarkably preserved colonial architecture and vibrant streets, reflecting centuries of Spanish influence. The Cartagena city walls stand as a testament to its historical significance as a major port and military site, now a UNESCO World Heritage site.
What are the best attractions in the walled city of Cartagena?
The best attractions within the Walled City of Cartagena include:
Walking the historic City Walls for sea views.
Exploring the Castillo San Felipe de Barajas.
Visiting the Palace of the Inquisition museum.
Discovering the plazas and churches, like San Pedro Claver.
Wandering the colorful streets of the Getsemaní neighborhood nearby.
How can you best explore the walled city of Cartagena?
Walking is the best way to experience the beauty of Cartagena old town. You can explore independently or join guided tours to learn about the history and key sites. Walking the city walls offers great views and photo opportunities.
What can you do in the walled city of Cartagena?
Beyond sightseeing, indulge in local cuisine at top restaurants like La Cevichería or Restaurante 1621. Experience the vibrant culture through street performances and local events.
How long should you spend in the walled city of Cartagena?
To fully experience the history and culture of Old Town Cartagena, you should plan to spend at least two to three days. This allows enough time to explore the main attractions without feeling rushed.
What is the best place to stay in the walled city of Cartagena?
Staying in the historical walled city, or 'Old Town’, is highly recommended for easy access to attractions and a truly immersive experience.
Is it safe to visit the Walled City?
The Walled City is generally safe for tourists during the day. Be mindful of pickpockets and street vendors. Exercise caution after dark.
What is the climate like in the Walled City?
Cartagena has a hot and humid climate year-round. Dress lightly, wear sun protection, and stay hydrated.
Where can I exchange currency and what about prices in Cartagena?
Currency exchange is available. Prices vary, with tourist areas being generally more expensive.
What are some local customs or experiences unique to the Walled City of Cartagena?
Look out for locals in traditional dress, street performers, and vendors selling fresh fruit and crafts. The lively evening atmosphere is a highlight.
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